2017年南丹Ms4.0地震前后重力变化     

文翔  毕熙荣  覃坚  柴现凡  冯骢 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(4):344-350

利用广西及邻区2014~2017年流动重力观测资料，系统分析区域重力场变化及其与2017-07-15广西南丹MS4.0地震的关系，并结合GPS观测数据与地震地质调查成果，探讨区域重力场变化的时空分布特征及机理。结果表明：1）南丹M_S4.0地震前后，震区附近重力异常变化与主干断裂关系密切，反映沿控震断裂在2014~2017年间发生了引起地表重力变化效应的地壳变形和构造活动；2）差分重力图像表明，南丹M_S4.0地震前重力变化为“局部重力异常→四象限重力异常→重力反向变化发震”的过程；3）重力变化与GPS 观测反映的水平运动表明，南丹M_S4.0地震位于重力四象限分布中心部位及面压缩峰值附近，证明重力场和形变场动态变化对中强地震地点预测具有指示意义；4）天峨-南丹-环江一带是重力变化最剧烈地区，亦是水平形变面压缩过渡带，同时位于莫霍面等深线强烈变化地段、M_L3.0地震围空区、沿主断裂存在的低b值异常区。结合地震活动图像、定点前兆观测异常综合分析认为，该地区仍存在发生中强地震的可能。  相似文献   

基于重力测点和段差变化的前郭5.8级震群研究与三维反演     

王同庆  张品  刘金钊  陈兆辉  张双喜  朱传东 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(5):469-475

利用东北地区近几年流动重力观测数据，分析前郭5.8级震群周边重力点值的时序变化特征，并基于重力段差变化对东北地区整体和局部重力变化引入能够反映异常显著性程度的指标量G和C值，最后对前郭5.8级震群前的重力场动态变化作三维密度反演。结果表明：1）前郭5.8级震群发震构造两侧的局部重力变化具有较明显的差异性，其变化趋势可作为识别构造活化或解耦运动的标志；2）显著性指标量G和C值能够为地震重力前兆的定量描述提供新思路；3）震前重力变化的反演结果显示地震发生在质量运移的过渡区域，垂向反演结果对本次地震的震源深度有一定的揭示意义。  相似文献   

2017-08-09新疆精河Ms6.6地震附近区域相对应变的变化分析     

高丽娟  邢喜民  高歌  李尚伟 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(10):1002-1006

2017年精河M_S6.6地震震前，尼勒克、巴伦台和小泉沟台钻孔应变仪记录到显著的应变变化，经现场落实确认，异常是可靠的。根据这3个台的记录资料计算相对应变的变化，结果表明，地震前最大（小）主应变大小和方向分别出现明显加速和急剧偏转变化。此外还发现，相对应变场异常期间主方向与震源机制解P轴方位较为一致。  相似文献   

基于KiK-net数据的偏振分析方法计算震中方位角影响因素分析     

范涛  李山有  陈志高  宋晋东  卢建旗 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(2):215-220

基于日本KiK-net强震动观测记录，以提高计算震中方位角的准确性为目标，研究记录参量（加速度、速度、位移）、计算时间窗和滤波频带对偏振分析方法计算震中方位角结果的影响。结果表明，在该研究的地震数据条件下，采用位移记录、计算时间窗为1 s、滤波频带取0.1~20 Hz时，可以获得最佳的震中方位角计算结果，震中方位角的计算偏差为45°时所占比例为88%。  相似文献   

用随机有限断层方法模拟2016-11-13新西兰Mw7.8地震     

李启成  何书耕  闵也  郑新娟 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(12):1237-1242

在未来大地震发震构造已知的前提下，提出用经验公式确定大地震断层长度、宽度、地震矩和滑动分布等参数，并用随机有限断层方法预测未来大地震。用随机有限断层方法模拟2016-11-13新西兰M_W7.8地震的12个基岩台站地震动时程和反应谱，并用模拟的频谱幅值与记录频谱幅值平均比值确定模拟误差。结果表明，在周期为0~10 s的范围内，模拟误差在0.92~1.08之间，不同频率模拟误差的标准差变化范围不超过1。95%的置信区间宽度随频率无明显变化，模拟结果反映了地震动记录的平均效果。用准随机方法重新获取新西兰大地震断层初始破裂点和位错滑动分布，模拟地震动并计算模拟误差随频率的变化，得到与最初模型相似的结论，从而进一步证实了本文提出的获取震源参数并用随机有限断层方法预测未来大地震的可靠性，且其特别适用于大地震远场模拟。  相似文献   

唐山地区波速比变化特征研究     

王亚茹  宋昭  刘晓丹  郭蕾  王妍  王时  宫猛  王想 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(7):686-690

选取唐山地区2008~2018年震相数据，利用单台多震和达法和多台多震和达法分别计算波速比，结合研究区内的地震活动对波速比的变化特征进行研究。结果显示，多台多震和达法得到的波速比结果较为稳定，而单台多震和达法得到的结果变化幅度大，显示更多细节；唐山地区ML≥4.5地震发生前单台波速比存在不同程度的异常，异常台站的方位与地震具有一定的对应性。  相似文献   

Introspection on improper seismic retrofit of Basilica Santa Maria di Collemaggio after 2009 Italian earthquake     

Gian Paolo Cimellaro  Andrei M. Reinhorn  Alessandro De Stefano 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(1):153-161

The 2009 L’Aquila, Italy earthquake highlighted the seismic vulnerability of historic masonry building structures due to improper "strengthening" retrofit work that has been done in the last 50 years. Italian seismic standards recommend the use of traditional reinforcement techniques such as replacing the original wooden roof structure with new reinforced concrete (RC) or steel elements, inserting RC tie-beams in the masonry and new RC floors, and using RC jacketing on the shear walls. The L’Aquila earthquake revealed the numerous limitations of these interventions, because they led to increased seismic forces (due to greater additional weight) and to deformation incompatibilities of the incorporated elements with the existing masonry walls. This paper provides a discussion of technical issues pertaining to the seismic retrofit of the Santa Maria di Collemaggio Basilica and in particular, the limitations of the last (2000) retrofit intervention. Considerable damage was caused to the church because of questionable actions and incorrect and improper technical choices.  相似文献   

Effect of near-fault earthquakes with forward directivity on telecommunication towers     

M.Yahyai  B.Rezayibana  E.Mohammadrezapour 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(2):211-218

In this paper, the effect of pulse-type motions caused by forward directivity that can release huge amounts of energy in a short time period is studied on a telecommunication tower. Since telecommunication towers have longer periods, they are not as affected by seismic forces. Nevertheless, near source earthquakes characterized by high velocity and velocity pulses can change the behavior of these structures. For this reason, a telecommunication tower located near active faults was selected in this study. Considering the probable earthquake magnitude at the site and the distance of the tower from adjacent faults, nine simulated pulses and three near-fault earthquake records with forward directivity are selected and applied to a 3D fi nite element model of the tower. The results of nonlinear dynamic analysis, i.e., displacements and damage in the tower, indicate that the maximum displacement and drift ratio of the tower under the pulses are obviously affected by the ratio of the structure period to pulse period. When this ratio is decreased and close to 1.0, the maximum displacement and drift ratio are sharply increased and cause large displacements in the tower.  相似文献   

Analytical study of performance evaluation for seismic retrofitting of reinforced concrete building using 3D dynamic nonlinear finite element analysis     

Yuichi Sato  Shinichi Kajihara  Yoshio Kaneko 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(2):291-302

This paper presents three-dimensional fi nite element (FE) analyses of an all-frame model of a three-story reinforced concrete (RC) building damaged in the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi Earthquake. Non-structural brick walls of the building acted as a seismic resistant element although their contributions were neglected in the design. Hence, the entire structure of a typical frame was modeled and static and dynamic nonlinear analyses were conducted to evaluate the contributions of the brick walls. However, the results of the analyses were considerably overestimated due to coarse mesh discretizations, which were unavoidable due to limited computer resources. This study corrects the overestimations by modifying (1) the tensile strengths and (2) shear stiffness reduction factors of concrete and brick. The results indicate that brick walls improve frame strength although shear failures are caused in columns shortened by spandrel walls. Then, the effectiveness of three types of seismic retrofi ts is evaluated. The maximum drift of the firstoor is reduced by 89.3%, 94.8%, and 27.5% by Steel-confi ned, Full-RC, and Full-brick models, respectively. Finally, feasibility analyses of models with soils were conducted. The analyses indicated that the soils elongate the natural period of building models although no signifi cant differences were observed.  相似文献   

Characteristics and factors that influenced damage to dams in the M s 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake     

Liping Jing  Haian Liang  Yongqiang Li  Chunhui Liu 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(3):349-358

Based on raw data from dams damaged in the Wenchuan earthquake, including many that were severely damaged, characteristics and factors that influenced the damage are discussed in this paper. Findings from this study include: severely damaged dams were densely distributed along the seismologic fault; small dams, especially small earth-rock dams, had the most serious damage that was caused by a variety of factors; the most serious damage was caused by seismic waves; damage was aggregated by aftershocks; and the extent of the damage patterns increased with the seismic intensity. Damage patterns varied in different intensity zones and cracking was the most common type of damage. Most of the dams had a good base with relatively high bearing capacity, and the walls of the earth-rock dams were mostly of clay soil. This type of base and body material mitigated some of the damage to dams. Reservoir maintenance and other factors also have a significant impact on the seismic safety of the dam. Finally, some recommendations to reduce seismic damage to dams are proposed.  相似文献